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Mk53

  • Designer
    • Lawrence Radiation Laboratory
  • Type
    • Implosion (2-Stage; Primary – Pure Oralloy)
  • Dimension(s)
    • Basic Assembly (BA) – 101″ x 37″
    • B53 – 148″ x 50″
    • W53 – 122″ x 90″
  • Weight(s)
    • BA – 6,750lbs
    • B53 – 8,900lbs
    • W53 – ?
  • Yield(s)
    • 9Mt
  • Bomb
    • B53 Mod 0, 1
  • Warhead
    • W53 / Mk6 – Titan II (LGM-25C) – U.S. Air Force
  • H794
    • Hand Truck
  • H795
    • Bomb Hand Truck Adapter Kit
  • H799
    • Bomb Sling
  • H836
    • Hoisting Beam
  • MC4065
    • Power Pack
  • MC4066
    • Neutron Generator
  • MC4072
    • Interface Unit
  • MC744B
    • X-Unit
  • MC1060
    • Electric Detonators (Used to deploy parachutes)
  • MC1178
    • Laydown Timer Motor
  • MC1199
    • Electrical System Safing Switch (The safing switch was operated manually and provides visual indication of the switch position (safe, retard, or free-fall). The handle is then mechanically locked in the safe position by a solenoid-operated pin which can be utilized with or without power applied to the solenoid.
  • MC1200A
    • Fuzing System Control Selector
  • MC1204
    • Switch Pack
  • MC1262
    • Fast-Rise Thermal Batteries
  • MC1264
    • Thermal Batteries
  • MC1268
    • Interval Timer (Used as a trajectory sensing device)
  • MC1315
    • Sequential Timers
  • MC2969
    • Strong-Link Switch

Was approximately 148″ (12.4′) long and 50″ (4.2′) in diameter. Weighing approximately 8900lbs1.1

The B53-1 has also been reported as being approximately 144.6″ long with the same 50″ diameter with a weight of 8890lbs4.1

Used conventional High Explosives (CHE)4.8

The B53 was 148″ long and 50″ in diameter and weighed approximately 8,850lbs8.2

The Basic Assembly (BA) was 101″ long and 37″ in diameter and weighed 6,750lbs4.1

The Mk53, Type 76 pit4.4, primary is all Oralloy (U235)4.2

Used a Type 2A-24 Deuterium-Tritium (D-T) gas reservoir and valve assembly. Each Type 1A squib contains an electro-explosive device (EED) that initiates 25mg of lead styphnate, which in turn initiates 175mg of ball powder (black powder). The Type 1A valve assembly contains a visible thermal plug that is designed to open in a fire environment (operating temperature 104C). If the actuator squibs with the thermal plug open, the gas generated by the actuators is vented to the outside and the plunger will not be forced onto the reservoir and pit tubes with enough velocity to cut the tubes. Cutting these tubes is the only way of transferring the D-T gas to the pit.4.4

The Mod 1 added an intent-operated strong-link, it does not have Insensitive High-Explosives (IHE), Fire-Resistant Pit (FRP), Permissive Action Link (PAL), or Command Disablement System (CDS) capability4.3

Mk53 – Mated with Mk6 re-entry aeroshell.2.1, 8.1

The Mk6 Re-entry vehicle (RV) weighed approximately 8,157lbs.8.3 Based on the success of the G.E. Century Series ablative materials, as demonstrated on the RVX-2A program, G.E. Re-entry Systems was awarded a contract for the Titan II ICBM. This sphere-cone design was the largest RV in the U.S. arsenal, with a length of 14′ and a weight of 8,000lbs.12.1

The spin-stabilized ablative G.E. Mk6 RV was 122.27 inches long, 90 inches in diameter at its base, and weighed 2,076 lbs., including a shell, aft cover, and spacer assembly. (Overall length of the RV plus spacer assembly was 15 feet; the spacer assembly had a maximum diameter of 103” at its base.) The 1,069 lb. cone-shaped, spherical-nose RV shell was composed primarily of an aluminum honeycomb internal structure to which was bonded an ablative phenolic heat shield several inches thick; the honeycomb structure provided an insulating dead airspace to block heat transfer from the phenolic ablation shield.2.1

The H794 Hand Truck was used for storage and handling of the B537.1

The H795 Bomb Hand Truck adapter kit was used in conjunction with the H794 to secure the B53 to the hand truck.7.2

The H799 Bomb Sling was used for maneuvering of the B53 out of the H794 hand truck7.3

The H836 Hoisting beam was used to lift bomb basic assembly and BSC segment.1.5

One of two reported yields was Y1 at 9Mt9.1 (Sources 2.1, 3.1, & 5.1 do not specify which Mod of B53 this yield was specified for. Source 6.1 shows redacted entries for the Mk53-0 Y1 and for a “Clean” Y2) 2.1, 3.1, 5.1 & 6.1

With the First Production Unit (FPU) coming into service in August 196210.1, as of February 25 1988, the B53-0 was no longer in the stockpile4.1

The only ALT affecting the B53-1 was ALT 916 which, being an ALT 900-series, removed the gas boosting reservoir4.1

The bomb configuration consists of the basic assembly (BA) which contains the nuclear system and bomb electrical component assembly.1.1 & 4.1

B53-1 Configuration C: Cased HE/Pit assembly but short of UU package configuration

Configuration D: UU package configuration1.4

MC4065 Power Pack1.2
MC4066 Neutron Generators x21.2
MC4072 Interface Unit4.5
MC744B X-Unit1.2
MC1060 Electric Detonators4.6
– Used to deploy parachutes4.6
MC1200A Fuzing System Control Selector4.5
MC1204 Switch Pack4.7
MC1262 Fast-Rise Thermal Batteries x21.2 & 4.1
MC1264 Thermal Batteries x21.2 & 4.1
MC1268 Interval Timer4.6
– Used as a trajectory sensing device4.6
MC1199 Electrical System Safing Switch1.3
– The safing switch was operated manually and provides visual indication of the switch position (safe, retard, or free-fall). The handle is then mechanically locked in the safe position by a solenoid-operated pin which can be utilized with or without power applied to the solenoid.1.3
MC1315 Sequential Timers4.6
– Used for parachute timers4.6
MC1178 Laydown Timer Motor4.7
MC2929 Strong-link Switch4.6

Arming and firing system is dual-channel except for the capacitor bank, and the spark gap.1.2

Between June & December of 1963, 54 W53s were deployed to three different bases with the Titan II missile.5.1

  1. Nuclear Explosive Safety Study of B53 Mechanical Disassembly Operations at the Pantex Plant (Safety Report WX-1-E-93-410S; p. 99). (1993). Department of Energy. https://www.nukestrat.com/us/afn/GP95-18h_DOE082394.pdf
    1. p.8
    2. P.9
    3. p.10
    4. p.36
    5. p.21
    6. p.67 (PDF Page)
    7. p.72 (PDF Page)
    8. p.74 (PDF Page)
    9. p.85 (PDF Page)
  2. Hansen, C. (1995). Swords of Armageddon: U.S. Nuclear Weapons Histories—Missile Warheads & Atomic Artillery Shells (2nd Edition, Vol. 6). Chukelea Publications. http://uscoldwar.com/
    1. p.341
  3. Moury, M. B., & Majidi, V. (2014). Total Yield of B53/W53 Y1 Memorandum. Department of Energy. https://fas.org/sgp/othergov/doe/decl/b53-yield.pdf
    1. p.1
  4. Sandia National Laboratories. (1993). B53-1 Special Study Report (SAND 93-0943; p. 48). Los Alamos National Laboratory. https://osf.io/46sfd/
    1. P.11
    2. p.15 (PDF Page)
    3. p.20 (PDF Page)
    4. p.26 (PDF Page)
    5. p.31 (PDF Page)
    6. p.32 (PDF Page)
    7. p.33 (PDF Page)
    8. p.37 (PDF Page)
  5. Cochran, T. B., Arkin, W. M., Norris, R. S., & Hoenig, M. M. (1987). Nuclear Weapons Databook Volume 2: U.S. Nuclear Warhead Production (Vol. 2). Ballinger Publishing Company. http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/863411922
    1. p.36 (PDF Page)
  6. Office of the Assistant to the Secretary of Defense. (1978). History of the Custody and Deployment of Nuclear Weapons: July 1945 through September 1977. https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu//news/19991020/04-01.htm
    1. p.339
  7. Brown, L. A., & Higuera, M. C. (1998). Weapon Container Catalog Volumes 1 & 2 (SAND 97-8017; p. 103). Sandia National Laboratories. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/188996346.pdf
    1. p.1-1
    2. P.1-2
    3. p.1-3
  8. Cochran, T. B., Arkin, W. M., & Hoenig, M. M. (1984). Nuclear Weapons Databook Volume 1: U.S. Nuclear Forces and Capabilities. Ballinger Publishing Company. http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/566100883
    1. p.3
    2. p.80 (PDF Page)
  9. Campbell, C. (1984). Nuclear Weapons Fact Book. Presidio. http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/10349172
    1. p.106
  10. Norris, Robert S. & Arkin, William M. (1991). Nuclear Notebook; U.S. Nuclear Weapons Stockpile (June 1991). Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 47(1–10). https://www.tandfonline.com/toc/rbul20/47/10?nav=tocList
    1. p.238 (PDF Page)
  11. Polmar, N., & Norris, R. S. (2009). The US Nuclear Arsenal: A History of Weapons and Delivery Systems Since 1945. Naval Institute Press. http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/690381240
    1. p.73 (PDF Page)
  12. G.E. Re-Entry Systems. (2007). American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. https://minutemanmissile.com/documents/GEReentryVehicles.pdf
    1. p.7 (PDF Page)